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A room-sized computer: how programs were launched before the era of personal computers

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14 Temmuz 2025

A room-sized computer: how programs were launched before the era of personal computers

1. Computer Architecture in the 1950s

Writing code by hand: before IDEs, autocomplete, or even keyboards

Today, a programmer just needs to open an editor, type a few lines, press “Run” — and he immediately sees the result. Now imagine: you are a programmer in the 1960s. You have no screen, no keyboard, no Stack Overflow. All you have is paper, a pencil, and a stack of punched cards.

How the internet came to be: through the eyes of a programmer

It all started with ARPANET, an experimental project of the US Department of Defense in 1969.

Forgotten programming languages: what they did right and why they disappeared

The programming world is full of languages that most developers no longer remember.

The first bug in history: how the moth entered the history of programming

Mid-20th century. Harvard University operates one of the most advanced computers of its time, the Harvard Mark II.

Programming and politics: how IT has affected power, freedom, and control

For decades, programming was considered a purely technical activity involving algorithms, logic, and engineering.

Algorithms in the wild: how ants and bees inspire code

Nature is the greatest engineer. It has been “tuning” its algorithms through evolution for millions of years, creating efficient, robust, and adaptive systems.

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